Namenode (Master)

Master responsible for co-ordination
Stores only the metadata
Default only 1 (Single Point of Failure)
High Availability
Secondary Namenode (Cold Backup)
Can be set manually as well

Datanode (Slave)

Horizontal Scalability (Can have as much as needed) (>35000)
Stores data
3 secs TCP signal to Namenode (Heart Beat)
No reply in 10 min (Deadnode)

Types of Clusters

Single Node Setup
All 5 demons on the same node)

Pseudo Distributed Environment
Each daemon runs in a separate VM

Multi-node Cluster
Each daemon in separate node