Specialized computing component designed to perform dedicated functions within a larger structure
They generally have long operational life and are deployed in harsh environments
System Risks and Threats
- Hardware Failure
- Software Bugs
- Security Vulnerabilities
- Outdated Systems
Protection Techniques
Network Segmentation
Divide the network into multiple segments or subnets to limit potential damage
Wrappers
Show only the entry and exit points of the data when travelling between networks
e.g. IPSec (If data is captured only IPSec Headers are visible)
Firmware Code Control
Utilize secure coding practices, code reviews and automated testing
Inability to Patch
Strategies like OTA updates can be used to install updates remotely
Real-Time Operating System (RTOS)
Ensures data processing in real-time and is crucial for time-sensitive applications
e.g. Flight Navigation Systems, Medical Equipment, Data Transfer Systems