Was previous called Azure Security Center
It is a unified infrastructure security management system (CASB)
Provides advanced protection for your Azure and on-premises workloads

Azure Defender for Identity: Uses signals from on-prem AD to identity, detect and investigate advanced threats
Azure Defender for Endpoint: Endpoint protection component (Laptops, Mobiles, etc.)

Can also protect VMs running in other CSP environment via. Azure Arc
It can evaluate resources across multiple subscriptions

Regulatory Compliance Dashboard: Shows compliance posture based on continuous assessment of your Azure environment
Security Score: Tells at a glance your security situation (higher the score lower risk level)

Coverage: See resource types that are in subscription and can be protected by Defender
Security Alerts: Describe details of affected resources with remediation steps

Defender for Microsoft 365: Safe Linking, Phishing Protection