Related Topics
- IP Address
- Devices
- NAT (Network Address Translation)
- Dynamic Routing Protocols
- ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol)
- Tunneling Protocols
Logical Addressing
IP Addresses is not the only Logical Addressing scheme that is available
Apple Talk (Protocol used by old Apple devices)
IPX (Internetwork Packet Exchange) was a protocol used by earlier Windows devices
Nowadays, all devices exclusively use IP Addressing
Packet Forwarding
Packet Switching
Data is divided into packets and each packet is forwarded
The data can use any route to reach the destination
Forwarding approach that is used by most network devices
Circuit Switching
Dedicated communication link is established between the two devices
The data transfer that occurs in each session uses the same route for transferring the packet
Message Switching
Data is divided into messages which may be stored and then forwarded
Connection Services
Augment Layer 2 services to provide better reliability
Flow Control
Increase or decrease the rate on data transfer based on what the target system can handle
Packet Reordering
All packets sent out are numbered so at target even if they are received out of order they can be rearranged in sequential order
Devices & Protocols
Router/ Multi Layer Switches (Has switching and routing capabilities)
IP/ ICMP/ ARP
Time to Live (TTL)
TTL (Time to Live) of an packet is decremented by 1 when it reaches an router
Tracert on Windows using ICMP packets
Traceroute on Linux uses UDP packets (Can be configured to use different protocol)