Protocols: Rules governing device communication and data exchange
Table of Content
- Application Layer Protocols
- Transport Layer Protocol
- Network Layer Protocols
Common Protocol Ports
Protocols: Rules governing device communication and data exchange
Protocol Port Protocol Usage FTP (File Transfer Protocol) 21 TCP Provides insecure file transfers SSH (Secure Shell Protocol) 22 TCP Provides secure remote control of another machine using text-based environment SCP (Secure Copy Protocol) 22 TCP Provides secure copy features SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol) 22 TCP Provides secure file transfers Telnet 23 TCP Provides insecure remote control of another machine using text-based environment SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) 25 TCP Provides ability to send emails over the network DNS (Domain Name Service) 53 TCP, UDP Converts domain names to IP Addresses and IP Addresses to domain names DHCP (Dynamic Host Control Protocol) 67, 68 Assigns IP Address, Subnet Mask, Default Gateway and DNS Server to clients on network TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) 69 UDP Lightweight file transfer method for sending config files or networking booting of OS HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) 80 TCP Used for insecure web browsing Kerberos 88 UDP Network authentication protocol POP3 (Post Office Protocol v3) 110 TCP Used for receiving incoming emails Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP) 119 TCP Used for accessing newsgroups NTP (Network Time Protocol) 123 Used to keep accurate time for clients on a network Remote Procedure Call (RPC) 135 TCP, UDP Facilitates communication between different system processes NetBIOS (Network Basic Input/ Output System) 137, 138, 139 TCP, UDP Used for file or printer sharing in Windows environment IMAP4 (Internet Mail Application Protocol v4) 143 TCP A newer method of retrieving incoming mails SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) 161 UDP Used to collect data about network devices and monitor their status SNMP Trap 162 UDP Responsible for sending SNMP trap messages LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol) 389 TCP Used to provide directory services to the network HTTPS (HTTP Secure) 443 TCP Used for secure web browsing SMB (Server Message Block) 445 TCP Used for Windows file and printer sharing SMTP Secure (SMTPS) 465, 587 TCP Secure and encrypted way to send emails Syslog (System Logging Protocol) 514 UDP Used to send logging data to a central server LDAP Secure (LDAPS) 636 TCP Provides secure directory services IMAP over SSL 993 TCP Secure and encrypted way to receive email POP3 over SSL 995 TCP Secure and encrypted way to receive email MSSQL Server Protocol 1433 TCP Used to communicate with database engine SQLnet Protocol 1521 Used to communicate with Oracle database engine RADIUS TCP 1645, 1646 TCP Used for remote authentication, authorization and accounting RADIUS TCP 1812, 1813 UDP Used for remote authentication and accounting as defined by IETF MySQL Protocol 3306 Used to communicate with MySQL database engine RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol) 3389 TCP Provides graphical remote control over another device SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) 5060, 5061 Used to initiate VoIP and video calls Syslog TLS 6514 TCP Secure transfer of syslog’s over the network TFTP: Does not support authentication. It is a stripped down version of FTP
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IMAP: Allows to view emails without having to download them to local device. Email server keeps emails synced across devices
LDAP: AD is an proprietary version of LDAP. It also uses port 389
SMB: Works along with NetBIOS which performs the authentication on Port 139 and then hands over control to SMB for resource sharing