Refers to the network of physical items with embedded systems that enables connection and data exchange

IoT Ecosystem Components

Hub

The central point connecting all IoT devices and sends commands to them

Smart Devices

Everyday objects enhanced with computing capabilities and Internet connectivity

Sensors

Detect changes in the environment and transform them into analyzable data

IoT Communication Technologies

802.11 (Wi-Fi)

Wireless networks that can operate in Infrastructure mode or Ad hoc mode

Bluetooth

Low-energy technology
Creates a mesh network

Radio-frequency Identification (RFID)

Uses electromagnetic fields to read data stored in embedded tags
Allow for accurate scanning of items and sending data of up to 2 KB to a sensor at rapid speeds

Near-field Communication (NFC)

Enables two devices to connect within a 4cm range

Infrared (IR)

Operated with line of sight
Used by very few IoT devices

Z-wave

Provides short range, low latency data transfer with slower rates and less power consumption that Wi-Fi
Commonly found in home automation products

ANT+

Collection and transfer of sensory data
Technology used to transfer data from sensors